Electrical Engineering XYZ MCQs
In which of the following, voltage regulation may be zero or negative:
- Lagging power factor
- Unity power factor
- Leading power factor
- All of the above
Correct answer: 3. Leading power factor
Explanation: Voltage regulation can be zero or negative when the leading power factor is present. This occurs because, with a leading power factor, the load current leads the voltage, effectively sending reactive power back to the source. This can cause the voltage at the load to be higher than at the source when the line’s capacitive reactive power offsets its resistive and inductive drops. In contrast, at unity and lagging power factors, voltage regulation tends to be positive, as voltage typically drops under these conditions due to resistive and inductive losses exceeding any capacitive gains.