Top 10 Examples of Closed Loop Control Systems [Practical Applications]
The design of closed loop control systems is comparatively more complex than open ones. Such system takes feedback from outut and performs the required action accordingly. The entire construction requires a sensor for taking input, some sort of controller which performs the action and a feedback taken from the output. Given below are 10 examples of closed loop control systems.
Contents
Thermostat Heater
The thermostat heater is an example of closed loop control system. The thermostat senses the temperature of the system and maintains the temperature.
| Thermostat heater | |
|---|---|
| Input | Temperature |
| Plant | Heater |
| Controller | Thermostat |
| Output | Temperature |
Sunseeker solar system
Sunseeker solar system is an automatic tracker which uses LDR to sense the sunlight. A microcontroller reads the LDR voltage and signals the connected motor which rotates the panel towards the sun.
| Sunseeker solar system | |
|---|---|
| Input | Sunlight |
| Plant | Solar Panel |
| Controller | µC |
| Output | Position change |
Voltage stabilizer
The voltage stabilizer stabilizes the supply voltage in case of fluctuations. Modern voltage stabilizers utilize solid state electronic components which measure the fluctuation in voltage and reduce/increase (buck/boost) the voltage to the desired level.
| Voltage Stabilizer | |
|---|---|
| Input | Voltage |
| Plant | Stabilizer |
| Controller | Electronic Circuit |
| Output | Voltage Buck/Boost |
Missile Launcher
A missile launcher detects the position of the plane using radar tracking unit and then
| Voltage Stabilizer | |
|---|---|
| Input | Position |
| Plant | Launcher |
| Controller | Computer system |
| Output | Target |
Auto Engine
The tachometer in auto engine generates a voltage proportional to the speed of the shaft. The voltage is subtracted from the input voltage to calculate an error voltage that provides information about current speed and desired speed. The error voltage is then used to arrange the throttle after amplification.
| Auto Engine | |
|---|---|
| Input | Desired speed |
| Plant | Auto Engine |
| Controller | Cruise system |
| Output | Change in speed |
Inverter AC
The inverter air conditioner uses an inverter for controlling the compressor speed. Sensors measure the ambient air temperature and then adjust compressor to the required level.
| Inverter AC | |
|---|---|
| Input | Temperature |
| Plant | AC |
| Controller | Inverter inside VFD |
| Output | Change in speed |
Automatic toaster
The automatic toaster measures the temperature, moisture vs dryness level of toast and adjusts the heat setting of toasts.
| Automatic toaster | |
|---|---|
| Input | Moisture level |
| Plant | Toaster |
| Controller | Heat setting circuitry |
| Output | Heat level |
Turbine Water Control System at power Station
In modern hydroelectric power stations, the level of water coming from the nozzles and gate is adjusted using automatic controls.
| Turbine water control | |
|---|---|
| Input | Flow rate of water |
| Plant | DAM |
| Controller | Governor sets |
| Output | Change of flow rate |
Automatic Clothes Iron
The automatic clothes iron adjusts the required temperature for proper pressing.
| Automatic clothes iron | |
|---|---|
| Input | Temperature |
| Plant | Iron |
| Controller | Heat elements |
| Output | Temp adjustment |
A human traveling on the road
The human body itself is the perfect example of closed-loop control systems. He looks around for traffic and changes his position accordingly.
| Human traveling on the road | |
|---|---|
| Input | Information about surrounding |
| Plant | Human |
| Controller | Brain |
| Output | Position adjustment |